Issuer Settlement In IPO Allocation Cases Approved

The plaintiffs and the issuer defendants in the IPO allocation cases have obtained preliminary court approval of their $1 billion settlement, originally agreed to back in June 2003. The cases were brought against nearly 300 companies and 55 investment banks involved in initial public offerings during the tech boom. The plaintiffs generally allege that the defendants ramped up trading commissions in exchange for providing access to IPO shares and required investors allocated IPO shares to buy additional shares in the after-market to help push up the share price. The Washington Post has an article on the court’s decision.

Quote of note (Washington Post): “‘Despite the apparent magnitude of the billion-dollar guarantee, this settlement is not solely — or even primarily — about monetary recovery,’ Scheindlin said. The judge said the real value is in the companies’ agreement to aid the investors’ suits against the banks. The start-ups also agreed to allow investors to file suits to pursue the companies’ claims that the banks didn’t raise enough money in the IPOs. ‘The value of each of these benefits should not be understated,’ Scheindlin wrote. The Internet companies ‘know far better than the plaintiff classes precisely what occurred in the period leading up to and including their IPOs.'”

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Securities Reform Act Litigation Reporter

The February issue of the Securities Reform Act Litigation Reporter includes The 10b-5 Daily’s summary of the Supreme Court argument in the Dura case. A pdf of the issue, which also contains an article on the PSLRA, detailed case summaries.

Disclosure and an Offer: The author of The 10b-5 Daily is on the Board of Advisors for the Securities Reform Act Litigation Reporter. The publisher has authorized a 33% discount on initial subscriptions to this useful periodical for readers of this weblog. For subscription information and to obtain the discounted price, call (202) 462-5755.

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NERA Releases Study On “Recent Trends In Shareholder Class Litigation”

NERA Economic Consulting has released a study entitled “Recent Trends In Shareholder Class Action Litigation: Bear Market Cases Bring Big Settlements.” The study reaches the following notable conclusions:

(1) There was a 33% increase in the mean settlement value of securities class actions in 2004 ($27.1 million in 2004, up from $20.3 million in 2003). NERA found that this increase was fueled by cases dealing with higher investor losses and is likely to continue for the next several years.

(2) On average, a 1% increase in investor losses results in a .4% increase in the size of an expected settlement.

(3) Although a number of very large settlements caused the increase in the mean settlement value, the dollar value of the typical settlement is actually falling. Over 70% of the settlements in 2004 were valued at $10 million or less.

(4) Over a five-year period, a public corporation faces a 10% probability of facing a securities class action. This probability has risen since the passage of the PSLRA.

(5) The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 does not appear to have had an impact on the number of securities class action filings or the size of settlements.

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Filed under Lies, Damn Lies, And Statistics

Class Action Reform Passes

By a surprisingly large margin, the Senate passed the Class Action Fairness Act yesterday. The legislation applies some of the reform concepts in the PSLRA and SLUSA to all class actions. Notably, class actions meeting certain jurisdictional criteria would have to be heard in federal court. The Associated Press reports that the final vote in the Senate was 72-26. The House of Representatives, which had previously passed its own version of the legislation, is expected to take up the matter next week.

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Looking Ahead

National Underwriter has an interesting article on remarks made at a directors and officers liability insurance conference by two prominent members of the plaintiffs’ securities litigation bar. The topics included private actions vs. class actions, derivative cases, holding corporate officers accountable, and what industry is likely to see a flurry of new suits (hint: insurance).

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That’s A Lot Of Underpants

Under the PSLRA, plaintiffs must plead facts creating a strong inference that the defendants acted with scienter (i.e., fraudulent intent) to survive a motion to dismiss. Several courts have found that the sheer size of an alleged financial fraud can support a finding of fraudulent intent. In a recent decision, however, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit has disagreed.

In Fidel v. Farley, 2004 WL 2901274 (6th Cir. Dec. 16, 2004), the plaintiffs argued that the magnitude of the financial fraud allegedly perpetrated by Fruit of the Loom, including a write-down of over $220 million of inventory in 1999, supported an inference that the company’s auditors had acted with scienter. The court found that “[a]llowing an inference of scienter based on the magnitude of fraud ‘would eviscerate the principle that accounting errors alone cannot justify a finding of scienter.'” Moreover, the fact that Fruit of the Loom took the write-offs in 1999, “in no way implied that [the auditors] acted with scienter while auditing the 1998 financial data.”

Holding: Dismissal affirmed.

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What Is Sufficient Notice?

The PSLRA states that securities class action plaintiffs, within 20 days of filing a complaint, “shall cause to be published, in a widely circulated national business-oriented publication or wire service, a notice advising members of the purported plaintiff class.” Although the standard practice is for the notice to be put out on a wire service, some plaintiffs/counsel have chosen to publish their notice in the print edition of a single publication (with the express intention, it has been argued, of limiting the number of lead plaintiff candidates).

A minor court split has developed over whether publishing notice in the print edition of a single publication is sufficient. Last year, a D. of Md. court found that the publication of a notice in the New York Times did not meet the PSLRA’s requirements. A recent decision from the E.D. of Pa., however, has held that the publication of a notice in the Investor’s Business Daily was sufficient.

Securities Litigation Watch has posted extensively on the subject and the Legal Intelligencer has an article on the E.D. of Pa. decision (which also found that the notice does not need to contain an extensive description of the case).

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Ex-WorldCom Directors’ Settlement Fails

Less than a month after it was announced, the settlement by ten former WorldCom outside directors of the securities class action claims against them has collapsed. The settlement was for $54 million, but it was the fact that $18 million of that sum was to be paid personally by the directors that led to extensive media commentary. According to an article (subscrip. req’d) in the Wall Street Journal, District Judge Cote (S.D.N.Y.) “rejected a provision that relates to how much the remaining defendants in the suit might have to pay if they lose the case.” Without that provision, the plaintiffs have chosen to withdraw from the settlement.

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ConAgra Settles

ConAgra Foods, Inc. (NYSE: CAG) has announced the preliminary settlement of the securities class action pending against the company in the D. of Neb. The complaint, originally filed in 2001, alleged that the company had engaged in fraud by permitting its United Agri Products subsidiary to prematurely recognize revenue from sales where the delivery of the goods had not yet taken place. The case is perhaps best known for generating a notable appellate decision on loss causation and materiality. The settlement is for $14 million and is “largely covered by insurance.”

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Calculating Attorneys’ Fees

In 2003, KPMG settled the claims against it in the Rite Aid securities litigation for $125 million. As reported in The 10b-5 Daily, a class member objected to the payment of 25% of that sum (i.e., $31 million) in attorneys’ fees. The district court approved the settlement terms despite the objection and an appeal followed.

According to an article (via law.com – free regist. req’d) in the Legal Intelligencer, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit has held that the district court should reconsider its fee award. The district court correctly applied the percentage-of-recovery approach, but erred in its application of a lodestar ‘crosscheck’ by focusing only on the hourly rates for the top lawyers handling the case, making the fee award appear more reasonable. The court found: “Had the hourly rates been properly blended, taking into account the approximate hourly billing rates of the partners and associates who worked on the case, the multiplier would have been a higher figure, alerting the trial court to reconsider the propriety of its fee award.”

It is important to note, however, that the court also rejected the argument that courts should be required to apply a sliding scale and reduce the percentage of a settlement going to attorneys’ fees based on the size of the fund. The opinion can be found here.

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