South Korea Passes Securities Class Action Legislation

After two years of debate, the South Korean legislature has finally passed a bill establishing a private securities class action system. The Korea Times reports, however, that the bill contains phase-in and standing requirements that may limit its effectiveness. (The 10b-5 Daily has posted frequently about the debate over this legislation, most recently here.)

Initially (commencing in Jan. 2005), suits will be limited to companies with assets of more than 2 trillion won ($1.67 billion). Only about 80 of the 1500 publicly-traded South Korean companies meet this benchmark. Smaller companies can be sued starting in July 2007. Also, a suit will only be permissible if more than 50 shareholders, owning at least 0.01% of the outstanding shares of the company, agree to bring the case.

Quote of note: “Civic organizations described the revised bill as a ‘toothless tiger,’ pointing out it completely blocks the possibility for suits against big business conglomerates. For example, they said, shareholders might need to amass stocks worth more than 7 billion won to meet the 0.01 percent requirement in a file against Samsung Electronics.”

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Lucent Fees Dispute

Two weeks ago, the D. of N.J. approved the settlement of the Lucent Technologies, Inc. securities litigation for over $600 million, the third-largest securities settlement ever. The settlement calls for claimants to receive $315 million in stock; $24 million in the stock of Lucent spin-off Avaya Inc.; $148 million in cash from the Lucent’s directors-and-officers insurance; and 200 million warrants. Now comes the battle over attorneys fees.

Co-lead counsel for the main securities class action on behalf of Lucent’s common shareholders (there are four other cases on behalf of other classes of investors that are also being settled) are asking for 17% of the $517 million those investors will be awarded: about $88 million. They also seek $3.5 million in expenses for the case, which was litigated for almost four years.

The New Jersey Law Journal has a lengthy article (via law.com – free regist. req’d) exploring the arguments for and against this fee award. The objectors suggest that the fees are excessive compared with the payout to investors, which amounts to no more than 15 cents a share. Plaintiffs’ counsel, however, notes that the warrants may make the value of the settlement increase dramatically if Lucent’s stock price rises (thereby lowering the percentage of the recovery going to attorneys fees). To bolster their fee request, plaintiffs’ counsel retained Columbia Law School Professor John Coffee to submit a supporting certification to the court.

Quote of note: “Typical was T. Tucker Hobgood, who bought 100 shares at $74 a week before it dove to the mid-50s, at which point he bought another 50 shares. All told, Lucent dropped from almost $80 in 1999 to 55 cents by the fall of 2002 after disclosures of inflated revenue reports and accounting shenanigans. ‘I’ll get $15, with the plaintiffs’ lawyers making about $4.50 off me and getting reimbursed another $1.50. Not to unduly hammer only one side of the equation. The company I still own part of paid untold sums to its lawyers to grind the plaintiffs under their feet,’ Hobgood wrote to [District Judge] Pisano. ‘I lost virtually my entire investment of $10,000. There is nothing fair about this process or this settlement to me. It is a complete waste of time to recover less than one-fifth of one percent of a loss,’ he continued.”

Quote of note: “[Professor Coffee] listed the 22 largest fee awards for class actions, which showed that 17 were above the 17 percent being sought in the Lucent case, with only five falling below that figure. However, most of those cases that garnered more than 17 percent were significantly smaller than the Lucent payout. Five of the class actions produced fees amounting to 30 percent, but those settlements ranged from $104 million to $185 million. The closest settlement in size to Lucent’s, the $687 million in the Washington Public Power Supply Systems case in 1990, resulted in a fee award of just 7.3 percent. Moreover, the $457 million settlement in this year’s Waste Management Inc. class action generated a fee amounting to only 7.9 percent. Another so-called megafund class action, brought against Bankamerica Corp., led to a $490 million settlement along with a fee of 18 percent for lead counsel.”

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The Big Breakup In Action

The future is now for Milberg Weiss, which has been in the process of splitting into two separate firms for the past six months. (For the latest on the split, see this recent post.) Milberg’s New York and San Diego offices are about to face off over lead plaintiff/lead counsel status in the securities class actions filed against the NYSE specialist trading firms.

As reported in The Recorder (via law.com – free regist. req’d), in October Milberg’s New York office filed suit on behalf of Generic Trading of Philadelphia against the specialist trading firms, while last Tuesday Milberg’s San Diego office filed suit on behalf of CalPERS against the same firms and added the NYSE as a defendant. (The 10b-5 Daily has posted about the CalPERS suit.) A spokesman for CalPERS stated that the timing of the state’s suit was intended to meet the 60-day deadline for moving for lead plaintiff status triggered by the original suit. Both Generic Trading and CalPERS have filed motions to be appointed lead plaintiff — putting the two Milberg offices into an adversarial position even before the split is official.

Quote of note: “There are signs that the divorce has been completed in spirit, if not on paper. East Coast and West Coast partners are already competing for clients, said a lawyer who did not wish to be named. Also, the New York office recently filed a securities fraud class action in San Francisco, leaving any mention of the firm’s San Francisco office off their filings.”

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Adding Exceptions To The Discovery Stay

The mandatory discovery stay in the PSLRA is often the subject of contention in securities class actions. The PSLRA provides that “all discovery and other proceedings shall be stayed during the pendency of any motion to dismiss, unless the court finds upon the motion of any party that particularized discovery is necessary to preserve evidence or to prevent undue prejudice to that party.”

A minor district court split has developed over whether this provision allows for the discovery, prior to a decision on a motion to dismiss, of documents that have been produced to governmental entities. Compare, e.g., In re Enron Corp. Securities, Derivative & ERISA Litig., 2002 WL 31845114 (S.D. Tex. Aug. 16, 2002) (permitting partial lifting of discovery stay for documents made available to government entities because burden would be slight and the documents had already been made available outside of securities case) with In re Vivendi Universal, S.A. Sec. Litig., 2003 WL 21035383 (S.D.N.Y. May 6, 2003) (statute does not create exception for documents previously produced to governmental agencies and plaintiffs failed to establish the need to preserve evidence or undue prejudice). The 10b-5 Daily has previously posted about the Vivendi decision.

The N.D. of Alabama has now weighed in on the issue. In In re HealthSouth Securities Litigation, CV-03-BE-1500-S (N.D. Ala. Dec. 8, 2003), relevant documents had been produced to Congress and to the parties in a derivative lawsuit filed against HealthSouth in Delaware state court. Plaintiffs argued that “adherence to the two exceptions enumerated in the [PSLRA’s mandatory discovery stay] would create absurd results in a case like this one of admitted securities fraud and where a discovery stay would not effectuate Congress’ goals in enacting the statute.” The court, however, found that allowing plaintiffs to use documents produced to Congress “is not only inconsistent with the statute’s plain language, but creates an absurd result in direct contravention of Congress’ intent to protect defendants from the possibility that documents produced to governmental entities may by used by the plaintiffs in formulating a complaint or in opposing a motion to dismiss.”

Holding: Motion to partially lift discovery stay denied.

Thanks to Matt Herrington for pointing The 10b-5 Daily to this decision.

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The Big Breakup Is Moving Slow

The National Law Journal has an article (via law.com – free subscrip. req’d) on the status of the previously announced breakup of Milberg Weiss, widely recognized as the leading plaintiffs’ securities class action firm, into two separate law firms. (See this post for background information on the split.)

Quote of note: “According to attorneys inside the firm as well as attorneys who have left, Milberg Weiss had hoped to finalize the restructuring by the end of 2003, with an outside date of February. ‘We are 85 percent of the way through,’ a lawyer close to the negotiations said. ‘We just need more time to reconcile the accounting, and we are now looking at March.'”

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CalPERS Sues NYSE And Seven Specialist Firms

The 10b-5 Daily does not normally post about the initial filing of a securities class action (or that’s all it would have time to do), but sometimes an exception is warranted. The Associated Press reports that the California Public Employees Retirement System (CalPERS) has brought a class action suit against the New York Stock Exchange and seven specialist trading firms (who make a market in NYSE stock assigned to them by matching buyers and sellers). The suit alleges that the specialists failed “to fill outstanding buy-and-sell orders at the best prices and routinely and unnecessarily intervened in trades, earning fees for themselves and the exchange at the expense of investors” and that “stock exchange officials hid the extent of the practices from investors.”

CalPERS has issued a press release and posted the complaint on its website. The complaint alleges violations of Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Exchange Act and breach of fiduciary duty against all of the defendants and violation of Section 6(b) of the Exchange Act against the NYSE. CalPERS appears to rely heavily on information from a November 3, 2003 Wall Street Journal article discussing a confidential SEC report about NYSE trading practices and exchange oversight.

Quote of note (Associated Press): “‘We’re convinced, and we will seek to prove in court, that the New York Stock Exchange not only knew of these rampant problems, and knew they existed, but also perpetuated them,’ [Sean Harrigan, President of CalPERS] said. Officials said they decided to sue, rather than rely on the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, which is conducting its own investigation into floor-trading, because the SEC has not done its job.”

Addition: The Recorder has an article (via law.com – free regist. req’d) discussing CalPERS decision to hire Milberg Weiss to bring the suit.

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Lucent Settlement Receives Final Court Approval

Reuters reports that Lucent Technologies, Inc. (NYSE: LU) has received final court approval for the roughly $600 million settlement of the securities litigation pending against the company in the D. of N.J. The settlement was originally announced last March and is one of the largest ever.

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South Korea Considers How To Structure Its Securities Class Action System

The South Korean legislature is still debating over legislation that would permit investors to bring securities class actions. The Korea Times reports that conservative lawmakers are seeking to limit the scope of the planned class action system to companies with more than 2 trillion won in assets (i.e., very large companies). Opponents argue that most of companies investigated for stock price manipulation and accounting fraud, based on a sample from 1998 to 2001, do not meet this test.

The 10b-5 Daily has been following this story intently (see posts here and here for details on the legislative proposals). Not surprisingly, South Korea appears interested in learning from the U.S. experience with securities class actions — the Korea Times describes a a public hearing hosted by the Korea Development Institute (KDI) that included a discussion of the pros and cons of a U.S.-style system.

Quote of note: “The system entails considerable cost, so it is imperative for South Korea to consider its economic reality before taking this step, [Professor Stephen Choi of U. of Cal., Berkeley] added. However, Choi said though there were problems related to class action suits, the experience of the U.S. following the passage of its Private Securities Litigation Reform Act in 1995 offered some reference for reform measures that could be carried out here.”

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Curative Notice In WorldCom Case Approved

The solicitation dispute in the WorldCom case pending in the S.D.N.Y. has a new development. As previously reported in The 10b-5 Daily, the WorldCom court has found that Milberg Weiss engaged in an “active campaign” to encourage pension funds to file individual actions related to the main securities class action against WorldCom and is running the individual actions as “a de facto class action.” Moreover, the firm’s communications resulted in “some confusion and misunderstanding of the options available to putative class members.”

As a result of this determination, on November 17 the court ordered that a curative notice be sent to all investors who have filed individual WorldCom actions. Since that ruling, the court also has dismissed a Securities Act claim (based on a 1998 bond offering) brought by an individual investor because it was time-barred under the applicable statute of limitations. (The 10b-5 Daily has posted a summary of the decision in the State of Alaska Dept. of Revenue v. Ebbers case.)

The curative notice has been signed by the court and can be found here. The notice discusses: (1) the court’s findings concerning Milberg Weiss’s solicitation of individual investors; (2) the potential negative impact on individual actions of the State of Alaska decision (in addition to the statute of limitations decision concerning the 1998 bond offering, the court made other rulings that might discourage the bringing of individual actions); and (3) some of the additional burdens and costs that could result from bringing an individual action.

Addition: The controversy is evidently causing some of the individual investors to rethink their strategy. According to a Dow Jones Newswires article (subscrip. required) from late last week, the Asbestos Workers Local 12 Annuity fund has instructed Milberg Weiss to voluntarily dismiss its individual suit and is requesting that the court not prevent the fund from joining the main class action.

Quote of note (Dow Jones): “[District Judge] Cote has not yet been called on to formally decide whether funds that want to opt back into the class would be permitted to recover through the class action, lawyers involved in the case said. In the notice being sent to individual action plaintiffs, Cote said that defendants in the case have contended that even if claims are dismissed without prejudice, such investors shouldn’t be allowed to recover funds under established legal doctrine.”

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Maxim Pharmaceuticals Case Dismissed

Maxim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Nasdaq: MAXM) has announced the dismissal, with prejudice, of the securities class action pending against the company in the S.D. of Cal. The plaintiffs had alleged that Maxim made false and misleading statements in 1999 and 2000 concerning the efficacy and clinical trial results of a cancer drug it was developing. The court had already dismissed two earlier complaints and based this dismissal on the failure to adequately plead scienter. The Securities Litigation Watch has a post on the case and has linked to the court’s order.

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